The organization It is made up of people who try to achieve explicitly established common goals and to this end they contribute efforts, skills, energy, and play different roles, depending on the structure of the organization itself and the formal and informal processes that are developed within it. In this framework, leadership functions appear, sometimes formally established, other times, the leader emerges informally without the need for a designation from the organization. Both types of leadership exist and are combined within the organization in different ways.
Blake and Mouton (1964) presented a theory of effective administration, the managerial grid, in which several universal characteristics of organizations are established: there is an objective or purpose; All organizations have some type of purpose or objective, people, all social organizations have members who are involved in fulfilling the purposes of the organization, hierarchy, all organizations have leaders and those directed.
They also describe the general objectives of management or administration. His interest in production, in people and his assumptions about how to use hierarchy to favor production. They point out that there are 2 basic dimensions of effective leadership: interest in people, interest in production. Dimensions that coincide with the dimensions of “consideration” and “initiation of structure” from the Ohio studies and with the characterization of “employee-centered” and “production-oriented” leaders from the Michigan studies.
Dimensions that are independent and can be represented graphically as coordinate axes on which interest in people (vertical axis) and interest in production (horizontal axis) range from very low (rank 1) to very high (rank 9). Because they are independent, a leader may have a high degree of concern for production and little or no concern for people, or any other possible combination. According to Blake and Mouton (1964) the optimal leadership situation would be 9.9, in which the leader shows a high concern for production and people.
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