It happens, at least once in your life, that you find yourself in the situation of agreeing with the rest of the group, although in reality We are not. This process has been called conformism or majority influence, and it refers to the way in which the small group in which we are inserted…
A very important aspect of Skinner’s contribution is related to his passion for creating innovative technical means. Him It is, in fact, due to the idea of the so-called “Skinner box”, a particular cage where the experimental animal was subjected to conditioning procedures.…
Psychologists have long tried to penetrate our way of perceiving the world, to understand what motivates our behavior. They have made great progress in lifting that veil of mystery. In addition to providing us with material for stimulating conversation at parties, some of the…
The study of the mechanisms that govern learning has undoubtedly been influenced by research on animal learning. carried out by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, a name almost as famous as that of Charles Darwin: many, in fact, remember his experiments with dogs, and that these…
Conditioning is a form of learning by association of stimuli, discovered and defended by authors who support behaviorism. The most important types of conditioning are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a type of learning…
Behaviorism is a branch of psychology that, as its name indicates, is based on the observation of behavior and the analysis of same. Behaviorism emerged as a contrast to psychoanalysis and aimed to provide a scientific, demonstrable and measurable basis for psychology.…
A test is a scientific instrument to the extent that it measures what it intends, that is, it is valid, and it measures well, that is, it is precise or reliable. If we find an instrument that we cannot trust in the measurements it provides, since they vary from time to time when we measure the same object…
We define frequency distribution as the gathering of data into mutually exclusive categories. The shape of a distribution is characterized by four basic properties of the frequency distribution that we will define in this Psychology-Online article: central tendency, variability,…
In the Latin square design, more than one extraneous variable closely related to the dependent variable is blocked. These lock variables They can be subject or environmental and even one of them can be the same dependent variable. On the other hand, a 2×2 factorial design means that it has two variables…
Methods, designs and techniques Psychology uses the Scientific Method, developing a set of particular methods (observational method, selective method and experimental method) Method. General action plan to carry out a specific action. It specifies the regulations to follow.…
Psychometrics can be defined as: “Methodological discipline, within the area of Psychology, whose fundamental task is the measurement or quantification of psychological variables with all the implications that this entails, both theoretical and practical.” The origin of Psychometrics can be placed towards…
If a test serves what it is intended to do, we say that it is valid. For example, an intelligence test is valid if it measures intelligence. Reliability is the degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent results. Test reliability is a measure of reliability…
In applied psychology, investigative psychology attempts to describe the actions of offenders and develop an understanding of the crime. This understanding can help solve crimes and contribute to prosecution and defense procedures. Gather problems in information retrieval…
The fundamental characteristic of this design is that the same subjects undergo all experimental conditions. Comparisons are made between conditions and for them the measurements of each subject in each condition are used. We define a within-subjects design as a way to study the behavior…
Philosophical knowledge, also called epistemology, is based on the recursive capacity of the human being (the ability we have to reflect on previous reflections) that is, philosophical knowledge is considered the science that studies the same knowledge. It is called 2nd order because it takes as…
Statistical population is understood as the set of all elements that share one or more characteristics. To each of the elements that make up a population are generically called statistical entities, and according to the number of entities found in a population, it can be…
All research is a public process, including both the methods used and the results. If the hypothesis is not discarded, the researcher can communicate its results to the scientific community, so that anyone who wants to use the results can do so, and in turn can replicate what…
Observation is based on the human being’s capacity for perception and decision-making. There is an ordinary observation, which constitutes an important source of information in everyday life, and scientific observation, which provides objective, valid and reliable knowledge to answer a question…
It is the simplest and most economical experimental design. It is usually used when the hypothesis is exploratory in nature. Only one variable is used. independent with two values, one of which is usually the absence of treatment. This design consists of two groups: One experimental, to which the…
The block technique consists of grouping subjects into blocks based on the score obtained in a closely related strange variable. with the dependent variable or in the same dependent variable. That is, the subjects in one block are all similar to each other and different from the subjects in another.…
They are characterized because the researcher cannot intentionally manipulate the IV or randomly assign subjects to different levels. Of the same. The subjects are not random. Subjects are selected based on whether or not they possess certain characteristics. Subjects are selected after…
Within the field of the Theory of Psychometric Tests, different denominations have appeared that currently take the name of “Theory of Psychometric Tests”. of the Response to the item” (FM Lord, 1980). This denomination presents some differences with respect to the classic model: 1.- the relationship between the expected value of…