Broadly speaking, we understand academic failure when children do not reach the minimum studies determined by each country, in Spain it is the Compulsory Secondary Education qualification. For this reason, school failure is considered a serious problem of the educational system. If you want to delve deeper into school failure, you may be interested in continuing reading this Psychology-Online article: What is school failure: causes, types and consequences.
What is school failure
School failure is a social and educational problems to take into account since the education received and the preparation of children and young people is fundamental for the future of the country, both at an economic, social and educational level. What is school failure?
School failure: definition
School failure is a concept that is used to refer to the group of people who have not been able to complete successfully the different stages of compulsory education, whether due to premature school leaving, serious learning difficulties, among others. Furthermore, when talking about academic failure, we must also take into account that group of people who, once they have completed compulsory education, are unable to achieve any other qualification that allows them to train in a specific profession.
Thus, school failure includes people who have a poor academic performance and do not achieve the acquisition of a minimum set of knowledge, to people who leave compulsory schooling before obtaining the corresponding qualification, to people who finish compulsory schooling without obtaining the corresponding qualification and, to people who, as adults, They suffer social and labor consequences for not having achieved correct academic preparation.
Causes of school failure
School failure cannot be explained by a single cause, but rather it is a set of factors influential that interrelate and encourage students to fail to achieve their teaching successfully. The causes of school failure are of different types:
Causes of school failure: student
Among the causes of school failure related to the individual characteristics of the student we find:
- The motivational level of the student.
- Your effort.
- The perception you have of your parents’ support and help.
- The involvement of the child in his or her own learning process.
- Your interests.
- Your self-sufficiency.
- Their attitudes and beliefs in relation to teaching.
- .
Causes of school failure: environment
Among the causes of school failure related to social and family factors we can find:
- The family economic level.
- Culture.
- The relationship of the student with his environment.
- Social class and origin of the student.
- The profession of parents.
- The family structure.
For this reason, the educational system must ensure that it provides an educational response that promotes equal opportunities regardless of the culture and economy of the students.
Causes of school failure: educational system
Regarding the causes of school failure due to the functioning of the educational system, we refer to management and administration and also to:
- The management of educational centers.
- Teaching practice.
- Educational administration.
- The attitude and beliefs of teachers.
- Teacher preparation.
- Teachers’ teaching methods.
School failure guys
We have seen what academic failure is and that its definition is broad. Therefore, we can classify school failure according to some variables. What types of school failure are there? Among the existing types of school failure we can highlight four: primary, secondary, circumstantial and habitual.
Primary school failure
The first of the types of school failure appears in the first years of schooling and is characterized by the appearance of problems in academic performance. Furthermore, it is usually associated with difficulties in the child’s maturation and depending on what these difficulties are, they can be solved or, on the contrary, become a problem of permanent school failure.
Secondary school failure
The second type of school failure appears A few years later of the beginning of schooling. We must take into account the school years prior to secondary failure are of very good academic results, but after a few years secondary school failure appears accompanied by difficulties and problems. Well, the problems that appear in this type of failure are usually due to changes in the student, such as, for example, the change from childhood to adolescence or any other important event in the child’s life that may momentarily interfere with your school life.
Circumstantial school failure
The third type of school failure is transient and isolated. This failure occurs at a specific time in the child’s life and, therefore, responds to specific and exceptional causes of said period or transitional moment. If the causes of this failure can be identified, it is easier to address and treat them without major problems. Generally these are children with good academic performance, but due to this temporary or circumstantial failure their results are affected, generally by situations that cause a great emotional impact on the student.
Common school failure
In children who present this type of school failure, it is common to obtain bad grades and frequent failures and it normally occurs from the beginning of their schooling. This type of failure is usually due to individual causes of the child, such as suffering from a psychomotor or spoken language delay, among others, leading to school maladjustment.
Consequences of school failure
What are the consequences of school failure? There is a wide variety of consequences of school failure that affect both the students themselves and the teaching professionals, families and society. Below we will present the main consequences caused by school failure:
- Dissatisfaction and feeling of incompetence. The most common consequence among students who do not reach the minimum studies is the fact of believing with determination that they are not capable of achieving it, that the academic world is not made for them and they do not feel comfortable in it, that is, without They undoubtedly feel that they are failures and that their time at school has been of no use. In other words, these students do not feel satisfied with their ability to learn everything they are taught at school.
- Teacher dissatisfaction. As for teachers, school failure causes a large number of teachers to feel disconcerted, uncomfortable, unmotivated and inept when it comes to transmitting their knowledge to students. There has even been a case of .
- Work problems. Another consequence of school failure is the inclination towards occupational and social marginalization of these students.
- Parental concern. In relation to families, the main figures who are affected by a child’s school failure are the parents. Well, they may feel hopeless when they see the consequences and negative effects of academic results on their child.
- School dropout It is another of the consequences of school failure. When children see that they are not able to achieve the goal of achieving the minimum studies, they may decide to abandon their studies because they do not see themselves capable of completing them.
This article is merely informative, at Psychology-Online we do not have the power to make a diagnosis or recommend a treatment. We invite you to go to a psychologist to treat your particular case.
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Bibliography
- Antelm, AM, Gil, AJ, Cacheiro, ML, and Pérez, E. (2018). Causes of school failure: an analysis from the perspective of teachers and students. Enseñanza & Teaching, 36(1), 129-149.
- Fernández, JJ, and Rodríguez, JC (2008). The origin of school failure in Spain. An empirical study. Mediterranean Economic Collection: “Modernity, crisis and globalization: problems of politics and culture”(14), 323-349.
- Sánchez, S. (2001). Children and young people at a disadvantage in education: causes and consequences of absenteeism and school failurer. Youth Studies, 52(1), 23-26.